TEXT 48

STIH 48

Devanagari

न वेदयज्ञाध्ययनैर्न दानै-
र्न च क्रियाभिर्न तपोभिरुग्रै: ।
एवंरूप: शक्य अहं नृलोके
द्रष्टुं त्वदन्येन कुरुप्रवीर ॥ ४८ ॥

Text

Tekst

na veda-yajñādhyayanair na dānair
na ca kriyābhir na tapobhir ugraiḥ
evaṁ-rūpaḥ śakya ahaṁ nṛ-loke
draṣṭuṁ tvad anyena kuru-pravīra

Synonyms

na — never; veda-yajña — by sacrifice; adhyayanaiḥ — or Vedic study; na — never; dānaiḥ — by charity; na — never; ca — also; kriyābhiḥ — by pious activities; na — never; tapobhiḥ — by serious penances; ugraiḥ — severe; evam-rūpaḥ — in this form; śakyaḥ — can; aham — I; nṛ-loke — in this material world; draṣṭum — be seen; tvat — than you; anyena — by another; kuru-pravīra — O best among the Kuru warriors.

na – nikada; veda-yajña – žrtvovanjem; adhyayanaiḥ – ili proučavanjem Veda; na – nikada; dānaiḥ – milostinjom; na – nikada; ca – također; kriyābhiḥ – pobožnim djelima; na – nikada; tapobhiḥ – ozbiljnim pokorama; ugraiḥ – oštrim; evam-rūpaḥ – u ovom obliku; śakyaḥ – mogu; aham – Mene; nṛ-loke – u materijalnom svijetu; draṣṭum – vidjeti; tvat – osim tebe; anyena – drugi; kuru-pravīra – o najbolji među ratnicima Kurua.

Translation

O best of the Kuru warriors, no one before you has ever seen this universal form of Mine, for neither by studying the Vedas, nor by performing sacrifices, nor by charity, nor by pious activities, nor by severe penances can I be seen in this form in the material world.

O najbolji među ratnicima Kurua, nitko prije tebe nije vidio ovaj kozmički oblik, jer Me osoba ne može vidjeti u ovom obliku u materijalnom svijetu ni proučavanjem Veda, ni vršenjem žrtvovanja, ni davanjem milostinje, niti pobožnim djelima ili oštrim pokorama.

Purport

The divine vision in this connection should be clearly understood. Who can have divine vision? Divine means godly. Unless one attains the status of divinity as a demigod, he cannot have divine vision. And what is a demigod? It is stated in the Vedic scriptures that those who are devotees of Lord Viṣṇu are demigods (viṣṇu-bhaktaḥ smṛto daivaḥ). Those who are atheistic, i.e., who do not believe in Viṣṇu, or who recognize only the impersonal part of Kṛṣṇa as the Supreme, cannot have the divine vision. It is not possible to decry Kṛṣṇa and at the same time have the divine vision. One cannot have the divine vision without becoming divine. In other words, those who have divine vision can also see like Arjuna.

SMISAO: U vezi s tim trebamo jasno shvatiti božanski vid. Tko može imati božanski vid? Božanski znači svet. Ako osoba ne dostigne božansku prirodu poput polubogova, ne može imati božanski vid. Tko su polubogovi? U vedskim je spisima rečeno da su polubogovi bhakte Gospodina Viṣṇua (viṣṇu-bhaktāḥ smṛtā devāḥ). Ateisti, koji ne vjeruju u Viṣṇua ili koji misle da je Kṛṣṇin neosobni vid Svevišnji, ne mogu imati božanski vid. Ne možemo vrijeđati Kṛṣṇu i u isto vrijeme imati božanski vid. Ne možemo imati božanski vid ako nemamo božansku prirodu. Drugim riječima, oni koji imaju božanski vid mogu vidjeti kao Arjuna.

The Bhagavad-gītā gives the description of the universal form. Although this description was unknown to everyone before Arjuna, now one can have some idea of the viśva-rūpa after this incident. Those who are actually divine can see the universal form of the Lord. But one cannot be divine without being a pure devotee of Kṛṣṇa. The devotees, however, who are actually in the divine nature and who have divine vision, are not very much interested in seeing the universal form of the Lord. As described in the previous verse, Arjuna desired to see the four-handed form of Lord Kṛṣṇa as Viṣṇu, and he was actually afraid of the universal form.

U Bhagavad-gīti je opisan kozmički oblik. Premda je prije Arjune taj opis bio svima nepoznat, nakon ovog događaja možemo imati neku predodžbu o viśva-rūpi. Oni koji imaju božansku prirodu mogu vidjeti Gospodinov kozmički oblik, ali osoba ne može imati božansku prirodu ako nije Gospodinov čisti bhakta. Međutim, bhakte koji imaju božansku prirodu i božanski vid ne žele posebno vidjeti Gospodinov kozmički oblik. Kao što je opisano u prethodnom stihu, Arjuna je želio vidjeti četveroruki oblik Gospodina Kṛṣṇe kao Viṣṇua i uplašio se kozmičkog oblika.

In this verse there are some significant words, just like veda-yajñādhyayanaiḥ, which refers to studying Vedic literature and the subject matter of sacrificial regulations. Veda refers to all kinds of Vedic literature, such as the four Vedas (Ṛg, Yajur, Sāma and Atharva) and the eighteen Purāṇas, the Upaniṣads and the Vedānta-sūtra. One can study these at home or anywhere else. Similarly, there are sūtras – Kalpa-sūtras and Mīmāṁsā-sūtras – for studying the method of sacrifice. Dānaiḥ refers to charity which is offered to a suitable party, such as those who are engaged in the transcendental loving service of the Lord – the brāhmaṇas and the Vaiṣṇavas. Similarly, “pious activities” refers to the agni-hotra and the prescribed duties of the different castes. And the voluntary acceptance of some bodily pains is called tapasya. So one can perform all these – can accept bodily penances, give charity, study the Vedas, etc. – but unless he is a devotee like Arjuna, it is not possible to see that universal form. Those who are impersonalists are also imagining that they are seeing the universal form of the Lord, but from Bhagavad-gītā we understand that the impersonalists are not devotees. Therefore they are unable to see the universal form of the Lord.

U ovom je stihu upotrijebljeno nekoliko značajnih riječi, kao što je riječ veda-yajñādhyayanaiḥ, koja se odnosi na proučavanje vedske književnosti i pravila žrtvovanja. Veda se odnosi na sve vrste vedskih spisa, kao što su četiri Vede (Ṛg, Yajur, Sāma i Atharva) i osamnaest Purāṇa, Upaniṣade te Vedānta-sūtra. Čovjek može proučavati te spise kod kuće ili negdje drugdje. Pored njih postoje sūtre – Kalpa-sūtra i Mīmāṁsā-sūtra – koje opisuju žrtveni postupak. Dānaiḥ se odnosi na milostinju koja se daje dostojnim osobama, kao što su brāhmaṇe i vaiṣṇave, koje transcendentalno služe Gospodina s ljubavlju. „Pobožna djela" odnose se na agni-hotru i propisane dužnosti različitih kasta. Dobrovoljno prihvaćanje tjelesnih patnji naziva se tapasya. Osoba može vršiti tjelesne pokore, davati milostinju ili proučavati Vede, ali ako nije bhakta kao Arjuna, ne može vidjeti kozmički oblik. Impersonalisti zamišljaju da vide Gospodinov kozmički oblik, ali iz Bhagavad-gīte saznajemo da impersonalisti nisu bhakte. Zato ne mogu vidjeti Gospodinov kozmički oblik.

There are many persons who create incarnations. They falsely claim an ordinary human to be an incarnation, but this is all foolishness. We should follow the principles of Bhagavad-gītā, otherwise there is no possibility of attaining perfect spiritual knowledge. Although Bhagavad-gītā is considered the preliminary study of the science of God, still it is so perfect that it enables one to distinguish what is what. The followers of a pseudo incarnation may say that they have also seen the transcendental incarnation of God, the universal form, but that is unacceptable because it is clearly stated here that unless one becomes a devotee of Kṛṣṇa one cannot see the universal form of God. So one first of all has to become a pure devotee of Kṛṣṇa; then he can claim that he can show the universal form of what he has seen. A devotee of Kṛṣṇa cannot accept false incarnations or followers of false incarnations.

Mnogi izmišljaju inkarnacije i lažno proglašavaju obična čovjeka inkarnacijom, ali to je ludost. Trebamo slijediti načela Bhagavad-gīte, inače ne možemo steći savršeno duhovno znanje. Iako se Bhagavad-gītā smatra uvodnom studijom nauka o Bogu, tako je savršena da osobi omogućuje pravilno razlikovanje. Sljedbenici lažne inkarnacije mogu reći da su vidjeli transcendentalnu inkarnaciju Boga, kozmički oblik, ali to je neprihvatljivo, jer onaj tko nije postao Kṛṣṇin bhakta ne može vidjeti kozmički oblik Boga. Najprije mora postati Kṛṣṇin čisti bhakta; tek onda može tvrditi da može opisati kozmički oblik koji je vidio. Kṛṣṇin bhakta ne može prihvatiti lažne inkarnacije ili sljedbenike lažnih inkarnacija.