Chapter Two
DRUGO POGLAVJE
Contents of the Gītā Summarized
Povzetek Gīte
- TEXT 2:
- The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: My dear Arjuna, how have these impurities come upon you? They are not at all befitting a man who knows the value of life. They lead not to higher planets but to infamy.
- VERZ 2:
- Gospod Kṛṣṇa, Vsevišnja Božanska Osebnost, je rekel: Dragi Moj Arjuna, kako to, da te je prevzela ta nečistost? Niti najmanj ne pristoji človeku, ki pozna vrednost življenja, in ne vodi k višjim planetom, temveč v sramoto.
- TEXT 3:
- O son of Pṛthā, do not yield to this degrading impotence. It does not become you. Give up such petty weakness of heart and arise, O chastiser of the enemy.
- VERZ 3:
- O Pṛthin sin, ne vdaj se tej ponižujoči nemoči. Ne pristoji ti. Odvrzi to malenkostno slabost srca in vstani, o zmagovalec nad sovražniki.
- TEXT 4:
- Arjuna said: O killer of enemies, O killer of Madhu, how can I counterattack with arrows in battle men like Bhīṣma and Droṇa, who are worthy of my worship?
- VERZ 4:
- Arjuna je rekel: O ubijalec sovražnikov, o Kṛṣṇa, ki si ubil demona Madhuja, kako naj se v bitki s puščicami zoperstavim možem, kot sta Bhīṣma in Droṇa, ki sta vredna mojega čaščenja?
- TEXT 5:
- It would be better to live in this world by begging than to live at the cost of the lives of great souls who are my teachers. Even though desiring worldly gain, they are superiors. If they are killed, everything we enjoy will be tainted with blood.
- VERZ 5:
- V tem svetu bi se bilo bolje preživljati z beračenjem, kakor pa živeti za ceno življenj velikih duš, mojih učiteljev. Čeprav ti želijo materialno korist, so mi vendarle nadrejeni. Če jih ubijem, bo vse, kar uživamo, omadeževano s krvjo.
- TEXT 6:
- Nor do we know which is better – conquering them or being conquered by them. If we killed the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, we should not care to live. Yet they are now standing before us on the battlefield.
- VERZ 6:
- Ne vemo, kaj je bolje: premagati jih ali biti premagani. Če ubijemo Dhṛtarāṣṭrove sinove, ne bi smeli več marati za življenje. Pa vendar Dhṛtarāṣṭrovi sinovi stojijo zdaj pred nami na bojišču.
- TEXT 7:
- Now I am confused about my duty and have lost all composure because of miserly weakness. In this condition I am asking You to tell me for certain what is best for me. Now I am Your disciple, and a soul surrendered unto You. Please instruct me.
- VERZ 7:
- Zdaj sem zmeden in ne vem, kaj je moja dolžnost, zaradi skoposti srca pa sem izgubil ves mir. Zato Te prosim, da mi jasno poveš, kaj je najbolje zame. Zdaj sem Tvoj učenec in Tebi predana duša. Prosim Te, pouči me.
- TEXT 8:
- I can find no means to drive away this grief which is drying up my senses. I will not be able to dispel it even if I win a prosperous, unrivaled kingdom on earth with sovereignty like the demigods in heaven.
- VERZ 8:
- Nikakor ne morem pregnati žalosti, zaradi katere mi drevenijo čuti. Ne bo mi je uspelo premagati niti, če osvojim cvetoče kraljestvo brez primere na Zemlji in si pridobim oblast, kakršno imajo polbogovi v raju.
- TEXT 11:
- The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: While speaking learned words, you are mourning for what is not worthy of grief. Those who are wise lament neither for the living nor for the dead.
- VERZ 11:
- Vsevišnji Gospod je rekel: Medtem ko govoriš učene besede, žaluješ za tistim, kar ni vredno žalosti. Modri ne žalujejo niti za živimi niti za mrtvimi.
- TEXT 13:
- As the embodied soul continuously passes, in this body, from boyhood to youth to old age, the soul similarly passes into another body at death. A sober person is not bewildered by such a change.
- VERZ 13:
- Kakor utelešena duša v tem telesu neprekinjeno prehaja od otroštva do mladosti in starosti, tako duša tudi ob smrti preide v drugo telo. Razumnega človeka taka zamenjava telesa ne zmede.
- TEXT 14:
- O son of Kuntī, the nonpermanent appearance of happiness and distress, and their disappearance in due course, are like the appearance and disappearance of winter and summer seasons. They arise from sense perception, O scion of Bharata, and one must learn to tolerate them without being disturbed.
- VERZ 14:
- O Kuntījin sin, sreča in nesreča nastopita za kratek čas, zatem pa izgineta, in sta kakor zima in poletje, ki prideta in odideta. Izvirata iz čutne zaznave, o Bharatov potomec, in človek se ju mora naučiti mirno prenašati.
- TEXT 16:
- Those who are seers of the truth have concluded that of the nonexistent [the material body] there is no endurance and of the eternal [the soul] there is no change. This they have concluded by studying the nature of both.
- VERZ 16:
- Tisti, ki so videli resnico, so zaključili, da neobstoječe [materialno telo] ni trajno in da se večno [duhovna duša] ne spreminja. Do tega zaključka so prišli s proučevanjem narave obojega.
- TEXT 20:
- For the soul there is neither birth nor death at any time. He has not come into being, does not come into being, and will not come into being. He is unborn, eternal, ever-existing and primeval. He is not slain when the body is slain.
- VERZ 20:
- Duša se nikoli ne rodi in nikoli ne umre. Ni nastala, ne nastaja in ne bo nastala. Nerojena je, večna, zmeraj enaka in prvobitna. Ni ubita, ko je ubito telo.
- TEXT 21:
- O Pārtha, how can a person who knows that the soul is indestructible, eternal, unborn and immutable kill anyone or cause anyone to kill?
- VERZ 21:
- O Pārtha, kako lahko človek, ki ve, da je duša neuničljiva, večna, nerojena in nespremenljiva, kogar koli ubije ali kogar koli pripravi do tega, da ubija?
- TEXT 24:
- This individual soul is unbreakable and insoluble, and can be neither burned nor dried. He is everlasting, present everywhere, unchangeable, immovable and eternally the same.
- VERZ 24:
- Individualna duša je nezlomljiva in netopljiva, pa tudi sežgati ali posušiti je ni mogoče. Večna je, povsod bivajoča, nespremenljiva, nepremakljiva in zmeraj enaka.
- TEXT 26:
- If, however, you think that the soul [or the symptoms of life] will always be born and die forever, you still have no reason to lament, O mighty-armed.
- VERZ 26:
- Če pa misliš, da se duša [ali celota življenjskih znakov] vsakič rodi in za zmeraj umre, o Arjuna močnih rok, še zmeraj nimaš razloga za žalost.
- TEXT 27:
- One who has taken his birth is sure to die, and after death one is sure to take birth again. Therefore, in the unavoidable discharge of your duty, you should not lament.
- VERZ 27:
- Kdor se rodi, gotovo tudi umre, kdor umre, pa se zagotovo znova rodi. Zato v vsakem primeru opravi svojo dolžnost in pri tem ne tarnaj.
- TEXT 28:
- All created beings are unmanifest in their beginning, manifest in their interim state, and unmanifest again when annihilated. So what need is there for lamentation?
- VERZ 28:
- Vsa ustvarjena bitja na začetku obstajajo v nezaznavni obliki, potem začasno v zaznavni, po uničenju pa so spet nezaznavna. Zakaj bi torej žaloval?
- TEXT 29:
- Some look on the soul as amazing, some describe him as amazing, and some hear of him as amazing, while others, even after hearing about him, cannot understand him at all.
- VERZ 29:
- Nekateri vidijo dušo kot čudo, nekateri jo opisujejo kot čudo, nekateri poslušajo o njej kot o nečem čudežnem, nekateri pa je niti potem, ko so poslušali o njej, nikakor ne morejo razumeti.
- TEXT 31:
- Considering your specific duty as a kṣatriya, you should know that there is no better engagement for you than fighting on religious principles; and so there is no need for hesitation.
- VERZ 31:
- Vedi, da glede na dolžnost, ki jo imaš kot kṣatriya, zate ni boljšega opravila od bojevanja na podlagi religioznih načel. Zato se ne obotavljaj.
- TEXT 33:
- If, however, you do not perform your religious duty of fighting, then you will certainly incur sins for neglecting your duties and thus lose your reputation as a fighter.
- VERZ 33:
- Če pa se odrečeš bitki in tako ne izpolniš svoje religiozne dolžnosti, boš zaradi zanemarjanja dolžnosti nedvomno zabredel v greh in tako izgubil sloves bojevnika.
- TEXT 35:
- The great generals who have highly esteemed your name and fame will think that you have left the battlefield out of fear only, and thus they will consider you insignificant.
- VERZ 35:
- Veliki generali, ki so visoko cenili tvoje ime in slavo, bodo mislili, da si bojišče zapustil zgolj iz strahu, zato te bodo imeli za nepomembnega.
- TEXT 37:
- O son of Kuntī, either you will be killed on the battlefield and attain the heavenly planets, or you will conquer and enjoy the earthly kingdom. Therefore, get up with determination and fight.
- VERZ 37:
- O Kuntījin sin, ali boš padel na bojišču in odšel na rajske planete ali pa boš zmagal in užival kraljestvo na Zemlji. Zato odločno vstani in se bojuj.
- TEXT 38:
- Do thou fight for the sake of fighting, without considering happiness or distress, loss or gain, victory or defeat – and by so doing you shall never incur sin.
- VERZ 38:
- Bojuj se, ker je to tvoja dolžnost, in ne razmišljaj o sreči in nesreči, izgubi in dobičku ter zmagi in porazu. Tako ne boš nikoli zabredel v greh.
- TEXT 39:
- Thus far I have described this knowledge to you through analytical study. Now listen as I explain it in terms of working without fruitive results. O son of Pṛthā, when you act in such knowledge you can free yourself from the bondage of works.
- VERZ 39:
- Do zdaj sem ti podajal znanje v obliki analitične študije duše in telesa, zdaj pa poslušaj še o delovanju brez želje po čutnem uživanju. O Pṛthin sin, če si pridobiš to znanje in deluješ v skladu z njim, se lahko osvobodiš spon, ki so posledica delovanja.
- TEXT 41:
- Those who are on this path are resolute in purpose, and their aim is one. O beloved child of the Kurus, the intelligence of those who are irresolute is many-branched.
- VERZ 41:
- Tisti, ki gredo po tej poti, so neomajni v svoji odločnosti in imajo en sam cilj. Inteligenca neodločnih, o ljubljeni sin Kurujev, pa je zelo razvejana.
- TEXTS 42-43:
- Men of small knowledge are very much attached to the flowery words of the Vedas, which recommend various fruitive activities for elevation to heavenly planets, resultant good birth, power, and so forth. Being desirous of sense gratification and opulent life, they say that there is nothing more than this.
- VERZ 42-43:
- Ljudje omejenega znanja so zelo privrženi lepo zvenečim besedam Ved, ki priporočajo razne obrede in žrtvovanja, z opravljanjem katerih se človek lahko dvigne na rajske planete, se rodi v dobri družini, si pridobi moč in tako dalje. Željni čutnega uživanja in življenja v obilju, pravijo, da ne obstaja nič višjega od tega.
- TEXT 44:
- In the minds of those who are too attached to sense enjoyment and material opulence, and who are bewildered by such things, the resolute determination for devotional service to the Supreme Lord does not take place.
- VERZ 44:
- V umu tistih, ki so preveč navezani na čutno uživanje in materialno obilje ter so jih te stvari zmedle, se nikoli ne porodi trdna odločenost vdano služiti Vsevišnjemu Gospodu.
- TEXT 45:
- The Vedas deal mainly with the subject of the three modes of material nature. O Arjuna, become transcendental to these three modes. Be free from all dualities and from all anxieties for gain and safety, and be established in the self.
- VERZ 45:
- Vede obravnavajo predvsem tri guṇe materialne narave. O Arjuna, dvigni se nadnje. Preseži vsa nasprotja ter skrb za dobiček in varnost in deluj skladno s svojo duhovno naravo.
- TEXT 46:
- All purposes served by a small well can at once be served by a great reservoir of water. Similarly, all the purposes of the Vedas can be served to one who knows the purpose behind them.
- VERZ 46:
- Vse, za kar uporabljamo majhen vodnjak, lahko hkrati opravimo v velikem jezeru. Vse cilje Ved pa lahko doseže, kdor pozna njihov končni cilj.
- TEXT 47:
- You have a right to perform your prescribed duty, but you are not entitled to the fruits of action. Never consider yourself the cause of the results of your activities, and never be attached to not doing your duty.
- VERZ 47:
- Pravico imaš opravljati svojo dolžnost, nisi pa upravičen do sadov delovanja. Nikoli si ne pripisuj rezultatov svojega dela in nikoli ne pomisli na to, da ne bi izpolnil svoje dolžnosti.
- TEXT 49:
- O Dhanañjaya, keep all abominable activities far distant by devotional service, and in that consciousness surrender unto the Lord. Those who want to enjoy the fruits of their work are misers.
- VERZ 49:
- O Dhanañjaya, z vdanim služenjem se od daleč izogni vsem ničvrednim dejanjem in se s tako zavestjo predaj Gospodu. Tisti, ki želijo uživati sadove svojega dela, so skopuški.
- TEXT 50:
- A man engaged in devotional service rids himself of both good and bad reactions even in this life. Therefore strive for yoga, which is the art of all work.
- VERZ 50:
- Kdor vdano služi, se že v tem življenju osvobodi tako dobrih kakor slabih posledic delovanja. Zato bi se moral posvetiti yogi, ki je umetnost vsega delovanja.
- TEXT 51:
- By thus engaging in devotional service to the Lord, great sages or devotees free themselves from the results of work in the material world. In this way they become free from the cycle of birth and death and attain the state beyond all miseries [by going back to Godhead].
- VERZ 51:
- Z vdanim služenjem Gospodu se veliki modreci oziroma bhakte osvobodijo posledic delovanja v materialnem svetu. Tako se rešijo iz kroga rojstva in smrti in dosežejo stanje brez trpljenja [vrnejo se k Bogu].
- TEXT 53:
- When your mind is no longer disturbed by the flowery language of the Vedas, and when it remains fixed in the trance of self-realization, then you will have attained the divine consciousness.
- VERZ 53:
- Ko bo tvoj um neomajen v transu samospoznanja in ga ne bo več begal lepo zveneči jezik Ved, boš dosegel božansko zavest.
- TEXT 54:
- Arjuna said: O Kṛṣṇa, what are the symptoms of one whose consciousness is thus merged in transcendence? How does he speak, and what is his language? How does he sit, and how does he walk?
- VERZ 54:
- Arjuna je rekel: O Kṛṣṇa, kakšne so lastnosti človeka, čigar zavest je tako prežeta s transcendenco? O čem govori in kako se izraža? Kako sedi in kako hodi?
- TEXT 55:
- The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: O Pārtha, when a man gives up all varieties of desire for sense gratification, which arise from mental concoction, and when his mind, thus purified, finds satisfaction in the self alone, then he is said to be in pure transcendental consciousness.
- VERZ 55:
- Vsevišnji Gospod je rekel: O Pārtha, ko se človek odreče vsakršnim željam po čutnem uživanju, ki so plod umskega snovanja, se njegov um očisti in najde zadovoljstvo samo v jazu. Za takega človeka pravimo, da ima čisto transcendentalno zavest.
- TEXT 56:
- One who is not disturbed in mind even amidst the threefold miseries or elated when there is happiness, and who is free from attachment, fear and anger, is called a sage of steady mind.
- VERZ 56:
- Tisti, čigar uma ne vznemirijo niti trojne nadloge, ki ni vzhičen v sreči in ne pozna navezanosti, strahu in jeze, se imenuje modrec stanovitnega uma.
- TEXT 57:
- In the material world, one who is unaffected by whatever good or evil he may obtain, neither praising it nor despising it, is firmly fixed in perfect knowledge.
- VERZ 57:
- Tisti, kogar ne vznemirjata dobro in zlo, ki ga doletita v materialnem svetu, in ki ju niti ne povzdiguje niti ne zaničuje, ima popolno znanje.
- TEXT 59:
- Though the embodied soul may be restricted from sense enjoyment, the taste for sense objects remains. But, ceasing such engagements by experiencing a higher taste, he is fixed in consciousness.
- VERZ 59:
- Utelešeno dušo, ki se vzdrži čutnega uživanja, lahko še zmeraj privlačijo predmeti čutne zaznave. Če pa preneha čutno uživati, ker je izkusila višje zadovoljstvo, postane njena zavest neomajna.
- TEXT 62:
- While contemplating the objects of the senses, a person develops attachment for them, and from such attachment lust develops, and from lust anger arises.
- VERZ 62:
- Ko človek razmišlja o predmetih čutne zaznave, se naveže nanje. Iz navezanosti se razvije poželenje, iz poželenja pa se rodi jeza.
- TEXT 63:
- From anger, complete delusion arises, and from delusion bewilderment of memory. When memory is bewildered, intelligence is lost, and when intelligence is lost one falls down again into the material pool.
- VERZ 63:
- Iz jeze se rodi popolna iluzija, ta pa povzroči zmedo v spominu. Zaradi zmede v spominu človek izgubi inteligenco, ko nima več inteligence, pa znova pade v močvirje materialnega življenja.
- TEXT 64:
- But a person free from all attachment and aversion and able to control his senses through regulative principles of freedom can obtain the complete mercy of the Lord.
- VERZ 64:
- Kdor pa se je rešil navezanosti in odbojnosti ter z upoštevanjem regulativnih načel svobode obvladuje čute, lahko dobi vso Gospodovo milost.
- TEXT 65:
- For one thus satisfied [in Kṛṣṇa consciousness], the threefold miseries of material existence exist no longer; in such satisfied consciousness, one’s intelligence is soon well established.
- VERZ 65:
- Za tistega, ki je tako zadovoljen [ker je zavesten Kṛṣṇe], trojnih nadlog materialnega življenja ni več. V tako zadovoljeni zavesti postane njegova inteligenca kmalu neomajna.
- TEXT 66:
- One who is not connected with the Supreme [in Kṛṣṇa consciousness] can have neither transcendental intelligence nor a steady mind, without which there is no possibility of peace. And how can there be any happiness without peace?
- VERZ 66:
- Kdor ni povezan z Vsevišnjim [oziroma ni zavesten Kṛṣṇe], nima niti transcendentalne inteligence niti stanovitnega uma, brez katerih ni mogoče najti miru. In kdo je lahko srečen, če ni miren?
- TEXT 67:
- As a strong wind sweeps away a boat on the water, even one of the roaming senses on which the mind focuses can carry away a man’s intelligence.
- VERZ 67:
- Kakor močan veter odnese čoln na vodi, tako lahko že en sam od neobvladanih čutov, na katerega se osredotoči um, odnese človekovo inteligenco.
- TEXT 69:
- What is night for all beings is the time of awakening for the self-controlled; and the time of awakening for all beings is night for the introspective sage.
- VERZ 69:
- Kar je za vsa bitja noč, je za samoobvladanega čas budnosti, kar je za vsa bitja čas budnosti, pa je za introspektivnega modreca noč.
- TEXT 70:
- A person who is not disturbed by the incessant flow of desires – that enter like rivers into the ocean, which is ever being filled but is always still – can alone achieve peace, and not the man who strives to satisfy such desires.
- VERZ 70:
- Kdor je kljub nenehnemu toku želja nevznemirjen kakor ocean, ki se ne razburka, čeprav ga nenehno polnijo vanj stekajoče se reke, edini lahko doseže mir, kdor se trudi, da bi tem željam ustregel, pa miru ne bo našel.
- TEXT 71:
- A person who has given up all desires for sense gratification, who lives free from desires, who has given up all sense of proprietorship and is devoid of false ego – he alone can attain real peace.
- VERZ 71:
- Samo tisti, ki se odreče vsem željam po zadovoljevanju čutov, ki je brez želja, ki si ne lasti ničesar in je brez lažnega ega, lahko doseže resnični mir.
- TEXT 72:
- That is the way of the spiritual and godly life, after attaining which a man is not bewildered. If one is thus situated even at the hour of death, one can enter into the kingdom of God.
- VERZ 72:
- To je duhovno in božansko življenje, in kdor ga doseže, se reši iluzije. Če je v takem stanju tudi v trenutku smrti, lahko vstopi v Božje kraljestvo.