TEXT 15
TEXT 15
Devanagari
Devanagari
एकत्वेन पृथक्त्वेन बहुधा विश्वतोमुखम् ॥ १५ ॥
Text
Tekst
yajanto mām upāsate
ekatvena pṛthaktvena
bahudhā viśvato-mukham
yajanto mām upāsate
ekatvena pṛthaktvena
bahudhā viśvato-mukham
Synonyms
Synonyms
jñāna-yajñena — teadmiste arendamisega; ca — samuti; api — kindlasti; anye — teised; yajantaḥ — ohverdades; mām — Mind; upāsate — teenivad; ekatvena — ühesuses; pṛthaktvena — kahesuses; bahudhā — mitmekesisuses; viśvataḥ-mukham — ja kõiksuse kujul.
Translation
Translation
Others, who engage in sacrifice by the cultivation of knowledge, worship the Supreme Lord as the one without a second, as diverse in many, and in the universal form.
Teised, kes sooritavad ohverdusi teadmiste arendamise läbi, teenivad Kõigekõrgemat Jumalat kui üht ja ainsat, kui mitmeks jagunenut ning kui kõiksuse kuju.
Purport
Purport
This verse is the summary of the previous verses. The Lord tells Arjuna that those who are purely in Kṛṣṇa consciousness and do not know anything other than Kṛṣṇa are called mahātmā; yet there are other persons who are not exactly in the position of mahātmā but who worship Kṛṣṇa also, in different ways. Some of them have already been described as the distressed, the financially destitute, the inquisitive, and those who are engaged in the cultivation of knowledge. But there are others who are still lower, and these are divided into three: (1) he who worships himself as one with the Supreme Lord, (2) he who concocts some form of the Supreme Lord and worships that, and (3) he who accepts the universal form, the viśva-rūpa of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, and worships that. Out of the above three, the lowest, those who worship themselves as the Supreme Lord, thinking themselves to be monists, are most predominant. Such people think themselves to be the Supreme Lord, and in this mentality they worship themselves. This is also a type of God worship, for they can understand that they are not the material body but are actually spiritual soul; at least, such a sense is prominent. Generally the impersonalists worship the Supreme Lord in this way. The second class includes the worshipers of the demigods, those who by imagination consider any form to be the form of the Supreme Lord. And the third class includes those who cannot conceive of anything beyond the manifestation of this material universe. They consider the universe to be the supreme organism or entity and worship that. The universe is also a form of the Lord.
Käesolev värss on eelmiste värsside kokkuvõte. Jumal ütleb Arjunale, et need, kes viibivad täielikult Kṛṣṇa teadvuses ega huvitu millestki muust peale Kṛṣṇa, on mahātmād. Ent on ka neid, kes ei asu mahātmā positsioonis, kuid kes samuti teenivad Kṛṣṇat erinevatel viisidel. Mõningaid neist on juba nimetatud, nagu ahastuses viibijaid, majanduslikus kitsikuses olijaid, uudishimulikke, ning neid, kes püüdlevad teadmiste poole. Kuid lisaks nendele on ka teisi, veelgi madalamaid Jumala kummardajaid, ning nemad jagunevad kolme jaotusse: (1) need, kes kummardavad end kui Kõigekõrgema Jumalaga üht; (2) need, kes mõtlevad Kõigekõrgemale Jumalale välja mingi kuju ning kummardavad seda; (3) need, kes tunnistavad Jumala Kõrgeima Isiksuse kõiksuse kuju, viśva-rūpat, ning kummardavad seda. Loetletud kolmest grupist on kõige arvukamalt madalaimaid – neid, kes teenivad iseend kui Kõrgeimat Jumalat, pidades end monistideks. Sellised inimesed peavad ennast Kõigekõrgemaks Jumalaks, ning sellise meelsusega kummardavad nad ennast. Ka see on omalaadi Jumala teenimine, sest sellised inimesed mõistavad, et nad ei ole mitte materiaalsed kehad, vaid vaimsed hinged; igal juhul on selline seisukoht nende hulgas valdav. Peamiselt kummardavad impersonalistid Kõigekõrgemat Jumalat just sel moel. Teine jaotus hõlmab pooljumalate kummardajaid, kes peavad suvalist elusolendit Kõigekõrgemaks Jumalaks. Ning kolmandasse jaotusse kuuluvad inimesed, kes ei suuda mõista midagi sellest materiaalse universumi avaldumisest väljapoole jäävat. Nad peavad seda universumit kõrgeimaks organismiks või olendiks, ning kummardavad seda. Ka see universum on üks Jumala avaldumisvorm.