TEXT 42

VERZ 42

Devanagari

तस्मादज्ञानसम्भूतं हृत्स्थं ज्ञानासिनात्मनः ।
छित्त्वैनं संशयं योगमातिष्ठोत्तिष्ठ भारत ॥ ४२ ॥

Text

Besedilo

tasmād ajñāna-sambhūtaṁ
hṛt-sthaṁ jñānāsinātmanaḥ
chittvainaṁ saṁśayaṁ yogam
ātiṣṭhottiṣṭha bhārata

Synonyms

tasmāt — therefore; ajñāna-sambhūtam — born of ignorance; hṛt-stham — situated in the heart; jñāna — of knowledge; asinā — by the weapon; ātmanaḥ — of the self; chittvā — cutting off; enam — this; saṁśayam — doubt; yogam — in yoga; ātiṣṭha — be situated; uttiṣṭha — stand up to fight; bhārata — O descendant of Bharata.

tasmāt – zato; ajñāna-sambhūtam – porojeno iz nevednosti; hṛt-stham – kar je v srcu; jñāna – znanja; asinā – z orožjem; ātmanaḥ – sebe; chittvā – ko preženeš; enam – ta; saṁśayam – dvom; yogam – v yogi; ātiṣṭha – deluj; uttiṣṭha – vstani in se bojuj; bhārata – o Bharatov potomec.

Translation

Therefore the doubts which have arisen in your heart out of ignorance should be slashed by the weapon of knowledge. Armed with yoga, O Bhārata, stand and fight.

Z orožjem znanja zato preženi dvome, ki so se zaradi nevednosti porodili v tvojem srcu. Oborožen z yogo vstani in se bojuj, o Bhārata.

Purport

The yoga system instructed in this chapter is called sanātana-yoga, or eternal activities performed by the living entity. This yoga has two divisions of sacrificial actions: one is called sacrifice of one’s material possessions, and the other is called knowledge of self, which is pure spiritual activity. If sacrifice of one’s material possessions is not dovetailed for spiritual realization, then such sacrifice becomes material. But one who performs such sacrifices with a spiritual objective, or in devotional service, makes a perfect sacrifice. When we come to spiritual activities, we find that these are also divided into two: namely, understanding of one’s own self (or one’s constitutional position), and the truth regarding the Supreme Personality of Godhead. One who follows the path of Bhagavad-gītā as it is can very easily understand these two important divisions of spiritual knowledge. For him there is no difficulty in obtaining perfect knowledge of the self as part and parcel of the Lord. And such understanding is beneficial, for such a person can easily understand the transcendental activities of the Lord. In the beginning of this chapter, the transcendental activities of the Lord were discussed by the Supreme Lord Himself. One who does not understand the instructions of the Gītā is faithless, and is to be considered to be misusing the fragmental independence awarded to him by the Lord. In spite of such instructions, one who does not understand the real nature of the Lord as the eternal, blissful, all-knowing Personality of Godhead is certainly fool number one. Ignorance can be removed by gradual acceptance of the principles of Kṛṣṇa consciousness. Kṛṣṇa consciousness is awakened by different types of sacrifices to the demigods, sacrifice to Brahman, sacrifice in celibacy, in household life, in controlling the senses, in practicing mystic yoga, in penance, in forgoing material possessions, in studying the Vedas and in partaking of the social institution called varṇāśrama-dharma. All of these are known as sacrifice, and all of them are based on regulated action. But within all these activities, the important factor is self-realization. One who seeks that objective is the real student of Bhagavad-gītā, but one who doubts the authority of Kṛṣṇa falls back. One is therefore advised to study Bhagavad-gītā, or any other scripture, under a bona fide spiritual master, with service and surrender. A bona fide spiritual master is in the disciplic succession from time eternal, and he does not deviate at all from the instructions of the Supreme Lord as they were imparted millions of years ago to the sun-god, from whom the instructions of Bhagavad-gītā have come down to the earthly kingdom. One should, therefore, follow the path of Bhagavad-gītā as it is expressed in the Gītā itself and beware of self-interested people after personal aggrandizement who deviate others from the actual path. The Lord is definitely the supreme person, and His activities are transcendental. One who understands this is a liberated person from the very beginning of his study of Bhagavad-gītā.

Sistem yoge, o katerem nas uči to poglavje, se imenuje sanātana-yoga ali večne dejavnosti živega bitja. Ta yoga obsega dvoja žrtvovanja: žrtvovanja materialnega imetja in razvijanje znanja o duši, kar je čista duhovna dejavnost. Če žrtvovanje materialnega imetja ni namenjeno dosegi samospoznanja, je materialno. Žrtvovanja, ki jih opravljamo z duhovnim ciljem oziroma kot del vdanega služenja, pa so popolna. Tudi duhovne dejavnosti so dveh vrst: spoznavanje lastnega jaza (ali lastnega naravnega položaja) in spoznavanje resnice o Vsevišnji Božanski Osebnosti. Kdor gre po poti, začrtani v Bhagavad-gīti, kakršna je, brez težav razume ta dva pomembna dela duhovnega znanja in si zlahka pridobi popolno znanje o duši kot Gospodovem sestavnem delcu. Tako znanje prinese človeku veliko korist, saj mu omogoči, da brez težav razume Gospodova transcendentalna dejanja. Na začetku tega poglavja Vsevišnji Gospod sam govori o Svojih transcendentalnih dejanjih. Kdor ne razume nauka Gīte, je brezveren in tako zlorablja delno neodvisnost, ki mu jo je podaril Gospod. Kdor kljub tem naukom ne razume, da je Gospod večna, blažena, vsevedna Božanska Osebnost, je vsekakor največji neumnež. Nevednosti se lahko znebimo, če se postopoma začnemo ravnati po načelih zavesti Kṛṣṇe. Zavest Kṛṣṇe je mogoče obuditi z raznimi žrtvovanji polbogovom, z žrtvovanjem Brahmanu, z žrtvovanji v obliki celibata, družinskega življenja, obvladovanja čutov, vadbe mistične yoge, askeze, odpovedovanja materialnemu imetju, proučevanja Ved in življenja po načelih varṇāśrama-dharme. Vse to so žrtvovanja in vsa temeljijo na delovanju po določenih pravilih. Cilj teh žrtvovanj je doseči samospoznanje. Kdor si prizadeva za ta cilj, se resnično drži navodil Bhagavad-gīte, kdor dvomi o Kṛṣṇovi avtoritativnosti, pa pade. Zato je priporočeno, da Bhagavad-gīto oziroma kateri koli drug sveti spis proučujemo pod vodstvom verodostojnega duhovnega učitelja, kateremu služimo in se mu predamo. Verodostojen duhovni učitelj pripada večnemu nasledstvu duhovnih učiteljev in v svojem nauku niti malo ne odstopa od navodil Vsevišnjega Gospoda. Pred več milijoni let je Gospod ta navodila dal bogu Sonca, preko katerega je nauk Bhagavad-gīte prišel na Zemljo. Po poti, začrtani v Bhagavad-gīti, moramo hoditi tako, kakor je opisano v Gīti sami, in se varovati sebičnih ljudi, ki poveličujejo sami sebe in zavajajo druge s prave poti. Gospod je nedvomno vrhovna oseba, Njegova dejanja pa so transcendentalna. Kdor to razume, je osvobojen že od trenutka, ko začne proučevati Bhagavad-gīto.

Thus end the Bhaktivedanta Purports to the Fourth Chapter of the Śrīmad Bhagavad-gītā in the matter of Transcendental Knowledge.

Tako se končajo Bhaktivedantova pojasnila četrtega poglavja Śrīmad Bhagavad-gīte z naslovom "Transcendentalno znanje".