TEXT 5
STIH 5
Devanagari
Devanagari
जीवभूतां महाबाहो ययेदं धार्यते जगत् ॥ ५ ॥
Text
Tekst
prakṛtiṁ viddhi me parām
jīva-bhūtāṁ mahā-bāho
yayedaṁ dhāryate jagat
prakṛtiṁ viddhi me parām
jīva-bhūtāṁ mahā-bāho
yayedaṁ dhāryate jagat
Synonyms
Synonyms
aparā — inferior; iyam — this; itaḥ — besides this; tu — but; anyām — another; prakṛtim — energy; viddhi — just try to understand; me — My; parām — superior; jīva-bhūtām — comprising the living entities; mahā-bāho — O mighty-armed one; yayā — by whom; idam — this; dhāryate — is utilized or exploited; jagat — the material world.
aparā – niže; iyam – ove; itaḥ – osim; tu – ali; anyām – druga; prakṛtim – energija; viddhi – znaj; me – Moja; parām – viša; jīva-bhūtām – koju predstavljaju živa bića; mahā-bāho – o Arjuna snažnih ruku; yayā – koja; idam – ovaj; dhāryate – iskorištavaju; jagat – materijalni svijet.
Translation
Translation
Besides these, O mighty-armed Arjuna, there is another, superior energy of Mine, which comprises the living entities who are exploiting the resources of this material, inferior nature.
Osim ove niže energije, o Arjuna snažnih ruku, postoji Moja druga, viša energija. Ona se sastoji od živih bića koja iskorištavaju bogatstva materijalne (niže) prirode.
Purport
Purport
Here it is clearly mentioned that living entities belong to the superior nature (or energy) of the Supreme Lord. The inferior energy is matter manifested in different elements, namely earth, water, fire, air, ether, mind, intelligence and false ego. Both forms of material nature, namely gross (earth, etc.) and subtle (mind, etc.), are products of the inferior energy. The living entities, who are exploiting these inferior energies for different purposes, are the superior energy of the Supreme Lord, and it is due to this energy that the entire material world functions. The cosmic manifestation has no power to act unless it is moved by the superior energy, the living entity. Energies are always controlled by the energetic, and therefore the living entities are always controlled by the Lord – they have no independent existence. They are never equally powerful, as unintelligent men think. The distinction between the living entities and the Lord is described in Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam (10.87.30) as follows:
SMISAO: Ovdje je jasno rečeno da živa bića pripadaju višoj prirodi (ili energiji) Svevišnjeg Gospodina. Niža je energija materija, koja se očituje u obliku različitih elemenata, kao što su zemlja, voda, vatra, zrak, eter, um, inteligencija i lažni ego. Oba oblika materijalne energije, grubi (zemlja itd.) i suptilni (um itd.), proizvodi su niže energije. Živa bića, koja iskorištavaju te niže energije u različite svrhe, predstavljaju višu energiju Svevišnjega Gospodina. Sva zbivanja u materijalnom svijetu odvijaju se zahvaljujući toj energiji. Kozmičko očitovanje nema moć djelovanja, ako ga ne pokrene viša energija, živo biće. Energetik uvijek upravlja energijama i zato Gospodin uvijek upravlja živim bićima – ona nemaju neovisno postojanje. Živa bića nikada ne posjeduju moć ravnu Njegovoj, kao što neinteligentni ljudi misle. Razlika između živih bića i Gospodina opisana je u Śrīmad-Bhāgavatamu (10.87.30):
tarhi na śāsyateti niyamo dhruva netarathā
ajani ca yan-mayaṁ tad avimucya niyantṛ bhavet
samam anujānatāṁ yad amataṁ mata-duṣṭatayā
tarhi na śāsyateti niyamo dhruva netarathā
ajani ca yan-mayaṁ tad avimucya niyantṛ bhavet
samam anujānatāṁ yad amataṁ mata-duṣṭatayā
“O Supreme Eternal! If the embodied living entities were eternal and all-pervading like You, then they would not be under Your control. But if the living entities are accepted as minute energies of Your Lordship, then they are at once subject to Your supreme control. Therefore real liberation entails surrender by the living entities to Your control, and that surrender will make them happy. In that constitutional position only can they be controllers. Therefore, men with limited knowledge who advocate the monistic theory that God and the living entities are equal in all respects are actually guided by a faulty and polluted opinion.”
„O Vrhovno Vječno Biće! Kad bi utjelovljena živa bića bila vječna i sveprožimajuća kao Ti, ne bi bila pod Tvojom upravom. No prihvatimo li da su živa bića sićušne energije Tvoga Gospodstva, time ih odmah stavljamo pod Tvoju vrhovnu upravu. Stoga pravo oslobođenje živih bića podrazumijeva predavanje Tvojoj upravi. To će ih predavanje usrećiti. Samo u tom prirodnom položaju mogu biti upravitelji. Ljudi ograničena znanja, koji zastupaju monističku teoriju da su Bog i živa bića jednaki u svakom pogledu, vođeni su pogrešnom, nečistom mišlju."
The Supreme Lord, Kṛṣṇa, is the only controller, and all living entities are controlled by Him. These living entities are His superior energy because the quality of their existence is one and the same with the Supreme, but they are never equal to the Lord in quantity of power. While exploiting the gross and subtle inferior energy (matter), the superior energy (the living entity) forgets his real spiritual mind and intelligence. This forgetfulness is due to the influence of matter upon the living entity. But when the living entity becomes free from the influence of the illusory material energy, he attains the stage called mukti, or liberation. The false ego, under the influence of material illusion, thinks, “I am matter, and material acquisitions are mine.” His actual position is realized when he is liberated from all material ideas, including the conception of his becoming one in all respects with God. Therefore one may conclude that the Gītā confirms the living entity to be only one of the multi-energies of Kṛṣṇa; and when this energy is freed from material contamination, it becomes fully Kṛṣṇa conscious, or liberated.
Svevišnji Gospodin Kṛṣṇa jedini je upravitelj. Sva su živa bića pod Njegovom upravom. Ona su Njegova viša energija, jer su iste prirode kao Svevišnji, ali nikada nisu jednaka Gospodinu po količini moći. Dok iskorištava grubu i suptilnu nižu energiju (materiju), viša energija (živo biće) zaboravlja svoj pravi duhovni um i inteligenciju. Taj je zaborav posljedica utjecaja materije. Ali kada se oslobodi utjecaja iluzorne materijalne energije, dostiže razinu oslobođenja, zvanu mukti. Pod utjecajem materijalne iluzije lažni ego misli: „Ja sam materija i materijalni posjedi su moji." Svoj pravi položaj živo biće spoznaje kada se oslobodi svih materijalnih shvaćanja, uključujući shvaćanje o sjedinjavanju s Bogom u svakom pogledu. Tako možemo zaključiti da Gītā potvrđuje da je živo biće samo jedna od Kṛṣṇinih mnogobrojnih energija. Kada se ta energija oslobodi materijalne okaljanosti, postaje potpuno svjesna Kṛṣṇe, odnosno oslobođena.