TEXT 14

VERZ 14

Devanagari

दैवी ह्येषा गुणमयी मम माया दुरत्यया ।
मामेव ये प्रपद्यन्ते मायामेतां तरन्ति ते ॥ १४ ॥

Text

Besedilo

daivī hy eṣā guṇa-mayī
mama māyā duratyayā
mām eva ye prapadyante
māyām etāṁ taranti te

Synonyms

daivī — transcendental; hi — certainly; eṣā — this; guṇa-mayī — consisting of the three modes of material nature; mama — My; māyā — energy; duratyayā — very difficult to overcome; mām — unto Me; eva — certainly; ye — those who; prapadyante — surrender; māyām etām — this illusory energy; taranti — overcome; te — they.

daivī – transcendentalna; hi – vsekakor; eṣā – ta; guṇa-mayī – ki jo sestavljajo tri guṇe materialne narave; mama – Moja; māyā – energija; duratyayā – ki jo je zelo težko premagati; mām – Meni; eva – vsekakor; ye – tisti, ki; prapadyante – se predajo; māyām etām – to slepilno energijo; taranti – premagajo; te – oni.

Translation

This divine energy of Mine, consisting of the three modes of material nature, is difficult to overcome. But those who have surrendered unto Me can easily cross beyond it.

Mojo božansko energijo, ki jo sestavljajo tri guṇe materialne narave, je težko premagati. Toda tisti, ki so se predali Meni, se zlahka dvignejo nadnjo.

Purport

The Supreme Personality of Godhead has innumerable energies, and all these energies are divine. Although the living entities are part of His energies and are therefore divine, due to contact with material energy their original superior power is covered. Being thus covered by material energy, one cannot possibly overcome its influence. As previously stated, both the material and spiritual natures, being emanations from the Supreme Personality of Godhead, are eternal. The living entities belong to the eternal superior nature of the Lord, but due to contamination by the inferior nature, matter, their illusion is also eternal. The conditioned soul is therefore called nitya-baddha, or eternally conditioned. No one can trace out the history of his becoming conditioned at a certain date in material history. Consequently, his release from the clutches of material nature is very difficult, even though that material nature is an inferior energy, because material energy is ultimately conducted by the supreme will, which the living entity cannot overcome. Inferior, material nature is defined herein as divine nature due to its divine connection and movement by the divine will. Being conducted by divine will, material nature, although inferior, acts so wonderfully in the construction and destruction of the cosmic manifestation. The Vedas confirm this as follows: māyāṁ tu prakṛtiṁ vidyān māyinaṁ tu maheśvaram. “Although māyā [illusion] is false or temporary, the background of māyā is the supreme magician, the Personality of Godhead, who is Maheśvara, the supreme controller.” (Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣad 4.10)

Vsevišnja Božanska Osebnost ima nešteto energij, ki so vse božanske. Ker so živa bitja del energij Vsevišnjega, so po naravi prav tako božanska, toda ko pridejo v stik z materialno energijo, ta prekrije njihovo izvorno, višjo moč. Tako prekrita z materialno energijo se ne morejo rešiti njene oblasti. Omenili smo že, da sta materialna in duhovna energija obe večni, saj izvirata iz Vsevišnjega Gospoda. Živa bitja pripadajo Gospodovi večni, višji naravi, ker pa so pod vplivom nižje narave, materije, so večno v iluziji. Pogojena duša se zato imenuje nitya-baddha ali večno pogojena. Nihče ne more ugotoviti, kdaj v zgodovini materialnega sveta je živo bitje postalo pogojeno. Zato se kljub temu, da je materialna narava nižja energija, z veliko težavo reši njene oblasti, kajti upravlja jo vrhovna volja, katere živo bitje ne more premagati. Nižja, materialna narava, je tu imenovana božanska, ker je povezana z Bogom in deluje po Njegovi volji. Ker je pod nadzorom božanske volje, na osupljiv način ustvarja in uničuje vesolje, čeprav je Gospodova nižja energija. O tem govorijo tudi Vede: māyāṁ tu prakṛtiṁ vidyān māyinaṁ tu maheśvaram – „Māyā [iluzija] je sicer nestvarna oziroma minljiva, toda za njo stoji največji čudodelec, Božanska Osebnost, ki je Maheśvara, vrhovni upravitelj.“ (Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣada 4.10)

Another meaning of guṇa is rope; it is to be understood that the conditioned soul is tightly tied by the ropes of illusion. A man bound by the hands and feet cannot free himself – he must be helped by a person who is unbound. Because the bound cannot help the bound, the rescuer must be liberated. Therefore, only Lord Kṛṣṇa, or His bona fide representative the spiritual master, can release the conditioned soul. Without such superior help, one cannot be freed from the bondage of material nature. Devotional service, or Kṛṣṇa consciousness, can help one gain such release. Kṛṣṇa, being the Lord of the illusory energy, can order this insurmountable energy to release the conditioned soul. He orders this release out of His causeless mercy on the surrendered soul and out of His paternal affection for the living entity, who is originally a beloved son of the Lord. Therefore surrender unto the lotus feet of the Lord is the only means to get free from the clutches of the stringent material nature.

Drug pomen besede guṇa je vrv; pogojena duša je trdno zvezana z vrvmi iluzije. Kdor ima zvezane roke in noge, se sam ne more osvoboditi. Pomagati mu mora kdo, ki ni zvezan. Ker zvezani ne more pomagati zvezanemu, ju lahko reši samo tisti, ki je sam svoboden. Pogojeno dušo lahko osvobodi samo Gospod Kṛṣṇa ali pa Njegov verodostojni predstavnik, duhovni učitelj. Brez take višje pomoči se človek ne more rešiti okov materialne narave. Do osvoboditve nam pomaga vdano služenje oziroma razvijanje zavesti Kṛṣṇe. Ker je Kṛṣṇa gospodar nepremagljive slepilne energije, lahko tej energiji zapove, naj osvobodi pogojeno dušo. To stori iz Svoje brezvzročne milosti do predane duše in iz očetovske ljubezni do živega bitja, ki je izvorno Gospodov ljubljeni sin. Objema neizprosne materialne narave se lahko torej osvobodimo le tako, da se predamo Gospodovim lotosovim stopalom.

The words mām eva are also significant. Mām means unto Kṛṣṇa (Viṣṇu) only, and not Brahmā or Śiva. Although Brahmā and Śiva are greatly elevated and are almost on the level of Viṣṇu, it is not possible for such incarnations of rajo-guṇa (passion) and tamo-guṇa (ignorance) to release the conditioned soul from the clutches of māyā. In other words, both Brahmā and Śiva are also under the influence of māyā. Only Viṣṇu is the master of māyā; therefore He alone can give release to the conditioned soul. The Vedas (Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣad 3.8) confirm this in the phrase tam eva viditvā, or “Freedom is possible only by understanding Kṛṣṇa.” Even Lord Śiva affirms that liberation can be achieved only by the mercy of Viṣṇu. Lord Śiva says, mukti-pradātā sarveṣāṁ viṣṇur eva na saṁśayaḥ: “There is no doubt that Viṣṇu is the deliverer of liberation for everyone.”

Pomembni sta tudi besedi mām eva. Mām pomeni samo Kṛṣṇi (Viṣṇuju), in ne Brahmi ali Śivi. Čeprav sta Brahmā in Śiva zelo vzvišeni živi bitji in sta skoraj enakovredna Viṣṇuju, ta dva predstavnika rajo-guṇe (strasti) in tamo-guṇe (nevednosti) ne moreta rešiti pogojene duše iz māyinih krempljev. Brahmā in Śiva sta torej prav tako pod vplivom māye. Edini gospodar māye je Viṣṇu, zato lahko samo On odreši pogojeno dušo. V Vedah (Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣada 3.8) je to opisano z besedami tam eva viditvā: „Svoboden je samo, kdor spozna Kṛṣṇo.“ Tudi Śiva potrjuje, da je osvoboditev mogoče doseči samo po milosti Viṣṇuja. Śiva pravi: mukti-pradātā sarveṣāṁ viṣṇur eva na saṁśayaḥ – „Nobenega dvoma ni, da je Viṣṇu tisti, ki podari osvoboditev vsem živim bitjem.“