ČETRNAESTO POGLAVLJE
Chapter Fourteen
Tri guṇe materijalne prirode
The Three Modes of Material Nature
- STIH 1:
- Svevišnja Božanska Osoba reče: Ponovno ću ti objasniti ovu najvišu mudrost, višu od sveg znanja. Stekavši to znanje, svi su mudraci dostigli najviše savršenstvo.
- TEXT 1:
- The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: Again I shall declare to you this supreme wisdom, the best of all knowledge, knowing which all the sages have attained the supreme perfection.
- STIH 2:
- Prihvativši okrilje toga znanja osoba može dostići transcendentalnu prirodu poput Moje. Tako utemeljena, ne rađa se u vrijeme stvaranja niti biva uznemirena u vrijeme uništenja.
- TEXT 2:
- By becoming fixed in this knowledge, one can attain to the transcendental nature like My own. Thus established, one is not born at the time of creation or disturbed at the time of dissolution.
- STIH 3:
- Sveukupna materijalna tvar, zvana Brahman, izvor je rođenja. Ja oplođavam taj Brahman, omogućujući rađanje svih živih bića, o sine Bharate.
- TEXT 3:
- The total material substance, called Brahman, is the source of birth, and it is that Brahman that I impregnate, making possible the births of all living beings, O son of Bharata.
- STIH 5:
- Materijalna se priroda sastoji od tri guṇe – vrline, strasti i neznanja. Kad vječno živo biće dođe u dodir s prirodom, o Arjuna snažnih ruku, te ga guṇe uvjetuju.
- TEXT 5:
- Material nature consists of three modes – goodness, passion and ignorance. When the eternal living entity comes in contact with nature, O mighty-armed Arjuna, he becomes conditioned by these modes.
- STIH 6:
- O bezgrešni, guṇa je vrline čistija od drugih guṇa i zato prosvjetljuje živo biće i oslobađa ga svih grešnih posljedica. Osobe pod utjecajem te guṇe bivaju uvjetovane osjećajem sreće i znanja.
- TEXT 6:
- O sinless one, the mode of goodness, being purer than the others, is illuminating, and it frees one from all sinful reactions. Those situated in that mode become conditioned by a sense of happiness and knowledge.
- STIH 7:
- O Kuntīn sine, guṇa se strasti rađa iz neograničenih želja i žudnji i vezuje utjelovljeno živo biće za materijalno plodonosno djelovanje.
- TEXT 7:
- The mode of passion is born of unlimited desires and longings, O son of Kuntī, and because of this the embodied living entity is bound to material fruitive actions.
- STIH 8:
- O Bharatin sine, znaj da guṇa tame, koja se rađa iz neznanja, obmanjuje sva utjelovljena živa bića. Posljedice utjecaja te guṇe su ludilo, nemar i spavanje, koji vezuju uvjetovanu dušu.
- TEXT 8:
- O son of Bharata, know that the mode of darkness, born of ignorance, is the delusion of all embodied living entities. The results of this mode are madness, indolence and sleep, which bind the conditioned soul.
- STIH 9:
- O Bharatin sine, guṇa vrline vezuje živo biće za sreću, strast ga vezuje za plodonosno djelovanje, a neznanje koje prekriva njegovo znanje vezuje ga za ludilo.
- TEXT 9:
- O son of Bharata, the mode of goodness conditions one to happiness; passion conditions one to fruitive action; and ignorance, covering one’s knowledge, binds one to madness.
- STIH 10:
- O Bharatin sine, katkada guṇa vrline, postavši istaknuta, nadvladava guṇe strasti i neznanja. Katkada guṇa strasti nadvladava vrlinu i neznanje, a katkada neznanje nadvladava vrlinu i strast. Tako uvijek postoji nadmetanje za prevlašću.
- TEXT 10:
- Sometimes the mode of goodness becomes prominent, defeating the modes of passion and ignorance, O son of Bharata. Sometimes the mode of passion defeats goodness and ignorance, and at other times ignorance defeats goodness and passion. In this way there is always competition for supremacy.
- STIH 12:
- O glavni potomče Bharate, kad se poveća guṇa strasti razvijaju se simptomi velike vezanosti, plodonosnog djelovanja, ulaganja velikog napora i neobuzdane želje i žudnje.
- TEXT 12:
- O chief of the Bhāratas, when there is an increase in the mode of passion the symptoms of great attachment, fruitive activity, intense endeavor, and uncontrollable desire and hankering develop.
- STIH 15:
- Onaj tko umre u guṇi strasti rađa se među osobama koje se bave plodonosnim djelovanjem, a onaj tko umre u guṇi neznanja, rađa se u životinjskom carstvu.
- TEXT 15:
- When one dies in the mode of passion, he takes birth among those engaged in fruitive activities; and when one dies in the mode of ignorance, he takes birth in the animal kingdom.
- STIH 16:
- Rezultat pobožnog djelovanja je čist i nalazi se u guṇi vrline. Rezultat djelovanja u guṇi strasti je bijeda, a rezultat djelovanja u guṇi neznanja ludost.
- TEXT 16:
- The result of pious action is pure and is said to be in the mode of goodness. But action done in the mode of passion results in misery, and action performed in the mode of ignorance results in foolishness.
- STIH 17:
- Iz guṇe vrline razvija se pravo znanje, iz guṇe strasti razvija se pohlepa, a iz guṇe neznanja glupost, ludilo i iluzija.
- TEXT 17:
- From the mode of goodness, real knowledge develops; from the mode of passion, greed develops; and from the mode of ignorance develop foolishness, madness and illusion.
- STIH 18:
- Osobe u guṇi vrline postupno se uzdižu na više planete, osobe u guṇi strasti žive na zemaljskim planetima, a osobe u odvratnoj guṇi neznanja silaze u paklene svjetove.
- TEXT 18:
- Those situated in the mode of goodness gradually go upward to the higher planets; those in the mode of passion live on the earthly planets; and those in the abominable mode of ignorance go down to the hellish worlds.
- STIH 19:
- Kad osoba pravilno vidi da sve djelatnosti vrše samo guṇe prirode i shvaća Svevišnjega Gospodina, koji je transcendentalan prema svim guṇama, dostiže Moju duhovnu prirodu.
- TEXT 19:
- When one properly sees that in all activities no other performer is at work than these modes of nature and he knows the Supreme Lord, who is transcendental to all these modes, he attains My spiritual nature.
- STIH 20:
- Kad utjelovljeno biće nadiđe tri guṇe koje utječu na materijalno tijelo, može se osloboditi rođenja, smrti, starosti i patnji koje oni donose te čak i u ovom životu uživati u nektaru.
- TEXT 20:
- When the embodied being is able to transcend these three modes associated with the material body, he can become free from birth, death, old age and their distresses and can enjoy nectar even in this life.
- STIH 21:
- Arjuna upita: Dragi moj Gospodine, po kojim se simptomima može prepoznati onaj tko je transcendirao tri guṇe? Kako se ponaša i kako transcendira guṇe prirode?
- TEXT 21:
- Arjuna inquired: O my dear Lord, by which symptoms is one known who is transcendental to these three modes? What is his behavior? And how does he transcend the modes of nature?
- STIHOVI 22-25:
- Svevišnja Božanska Osoba reče: O sine Pāṇḍua, za osobu koja ne mrzi prosvijetljenost, vezanost i iluziju kad su prisutni niti žudi za njima kad nestanu, koja je nepokolebljiva i neuznemirena svim posljedicama materijalnih odlika, koja ostaje staložena i transcendentalna, znajući da samo guṇe djeluju, koja je utemeljena u jastvu i jednaka u sreći i nesreći, koja jednakim očima vidi grumen zemlje, kamen i zlato, poželjno i nepoželjno, koja je postojana, jednaka u pohvali i pokudi, časti i nečasti, koja se jednako ophodi prema prijatelju i neprijatelju i koja se odrekla svih materijalnih djelatnosti kaže se da je nadišla guṇe prirode.
- TEXTS 22-25:
- The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: O son of Pāṇḍu, he who does not hate illumination, attachment and delusion when they are present or long for them when they disappear; who is unwavering and undisturbed through all these reactions of the material qualities, remaining neutral and transcendental, knowing that the modes alone are active; who is situated in the self and regards alike happiness and distress; who looks upon a lump of earth, a stone and a piece of gold with an equal eye; who is equal toward the desirable and the undesirable; who is steady, situated equally well in praise and blame, honor and dishonor; who treats alike both friend and enemy; and who has renounced all material activities – such a person is said to have transcended the modes of nature.
- STIH 26:
- Onaj tko uvijek predano služi i ni u kakvim okolnostima ne pada odmah transcendira guṇe materijalne prirode te tako dostiže razinu Brahmana.
- TEXT 26:
- One who engages in full devotional service, unfailing in all circumstances, at once transcends the modes of material nature and thus comes to the level of Brahman.